The Great Gatsby - Element of Fiction - The Plot Essay

The Great Gatsby - Element of Fiction - The Plot - Essay Example Nick Carraway, Jay Gatsby, and Daisy Buchanan. She is Nick’s cousin (Fitzgerald 2). Tom Buchanan, Daisy’s husband and Nick’s classmate. Jordan Baker a long time friend to the Buchanan’s family (Gross & Jean 29). Myrtle Wilson Tom’s mistress. The final major character is George B. Wilson Myrtle’s husband. Nick then had moved to the West Egg. Daisy, Nick’s cousin is married to Tom (Gross & Jean 43). They live close to New York City in a town known as East Egg. Tom is tremendously wealthy. For this reason, Daisy had married him (Fitzgerald 12). Nick regularly visits his cousin’s family in East Egg. Where Nick lives, he is neighbored by a wealthy man known as Gatsby. Gatsby throws parties weekly. Nick visits Daisy one evening at her home for dinner. He is introduced to a beautiful girl Jordan. Jordan and Nick start up a romantic relationship (Fitzgerald 25). Through Jordan, Nick learns that Tom has an affair with Myrtle Wilson. Myrtle is a wife to a gas station owner (Gross & Jean 46). One evening, Tom invites Nick to a party in New York. He also invites his mistress Myrtle Tom picks Myrtle on his way to the party. Myrtle gets drunk to uncontrollable levels, while at the party (Fitzgerald 30). She is, therefore, not keen on what she says. She makes fun of Daisy. This hugely angers Nick. For this reason, Nick beats her up (Gross & Jean 51). Actually breaks her nose. Gatsby had fallen in love with Daisy five years ago. Then he was a poor military man. Daisy had opted to marry Tom who is richer (Fitzgerald 45). This was after Gatsby had gone to participate in the war. Gatsby was so determined (Gross & Jean 57). He wanted t get rich. This would help him win Daisy back. This had challenged Gatsby to gain wealth rapidly. He did this through illegal deals of selling prohibited alcohol (Gross & Jean 63). He had then bought the mansion. This was to be close enough to daisy. Gatsby has gained immense wealth (Fitzgerald 47). He plans on

King Arthur :: essays research papers

Arthur’s Reasons Concerning War   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Since the beginning of time, the chaotic and barbaric fighting called war has been and will happen until the end of the world, that is, unless mankind smartens up. As T.H. White puts it on pages 631-632,â€Å"They were always saying that the present one (war) was to be the last, and afterwards there was to be a heaven. They were always to rebuild such a new world as never was seen. When the time came, however, they were too stupid.† At the beginning of Arthur’s reign he dealt with psychotic men such as King Lot that waged wars for pure sport. Since they had enough money to do so, they would buy expensive armor and weaponry and would kill for game. In his old age, just before succumbing to death, Arthur ponders deeply about the causes of war. It takes him his entire lifetime to figure out the answer to stop the madness. And just when he figures this out, it is way too late to take action upon his conclusion. Although war is waged for many reasons on t he surface, Arthur at long last surmises that it all stems from one, true foundation. After perusing reasons such as people that â€Å"have† or â€Å"have not,† fear of dishonest people, and ancestral feuds, Arthur finally deduces that the true reason for war is land boundaries.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The most sufficient explanation for the idea of war based on the â€Å"haves† and the â€Å"have-nots† is that of Arthur versus Mordred. On page 632, it was simply stated, â€Å"I have, and Mordred has not.† Mordred grew up in shame. He is an illegitimate child with a horrible woman for a mother. Consequently, Modred was jealous of Arthur’s happiness and ability to be justified. Mordred’s jealousy of Arthur causes him to begin a war against Arthur and if this were the true reason for war, similar statements can be said for all wars. This type of war is instigated by possessiveness and greed. Arthur disproves this idea because the solution to ending war would be for everyone to either have or not to have. This idea in present-day terms would be called communism. Furthermore, as the public knows, true communism cannot be attained.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Suspicion of neighboring leaders not telling the truth is yet another one of Arthur’s ideas of why war is set off. It is a fault of the human body to not always tell the truth.

CPPD

To enable trainees to recognize the variety of roles and contexts in the lifelong learning sector and the Impact that these have Objectives: By the end of this activity, trainees should be able to: List at least five different teaching contexts in the lifelong learning sector Discuss the effect of these contexts, different specialist subject areas, different organizational structures etc on the way they work In comparison with others Part 1: Wordsmith Wordsmith on the different teaching contexts in the lifelong learning sector.Discussion on which of these contexts are represented in the group or have been experienced In the past either as teachers or learners. How do they differ? What Impact do these differences have? Make use of any trainees in the group who teach in contexts other than FEE colleges. Part 2: Small group discussion Note: groups could be delved by subject area or randomly, but most effective If different teaching contexts are represented in each group where possible.D iscuss the way that their subject is delivered in their organization – how does this compare to how it is delivered in different contexts and how does it compare to other objects within deferent organizations. What is the main purpose of their organization and what impact does this have on the provision of their specialist subject? Are the student groups likely to be similar or different – in terms of ages, gender balance, motivation etc – in different contexts? What levels of their specialist subject are offered in their organization? What impact does the type of organization have on this decision?How is the organization structured – in terms of the size of the organization, departmental organization, line management, course co-ordination, teams of staff or individual teaching – and how goes this affect their teaching of their subject? What â€Å"roles† are involved in teaching their subject – egg teacher, lecturer, tutor, personal t utor, instructor, learning support etc – and does this affect the way their teaching is perceived in their organization? Plenary feedback with tutor to provide input and lead discussion on contexts not covered within the group.The context of teaching includes anything in the surrounding environment: physical, social, institutional and personal, that influences teaching and learning. The physical environment includes the classroom where teaching/learning occurs. For instance, he arrangement of the desks encourages some kinds of interactions and discourages others. Other factors such as lighting (enough to read by but not so much as to glare or be uncomfortable), heat (too warm makes people tired, too cold makes them uncomfortable and focusing on their physical feelings), time of day, and even the day of the week can make a difference.The social environment including the relationship between teacher and students and the cultural norms play a significant role in what can and doe s occur in the classroom. How friendly/ approachable an instructor seems to be determines how outgoing students will be ND the kind of communication that will characterize classroom interaction. The cultural norms: what is expected of a teacher and a student also have to be considered. This includes norms and attitudes regarding gender, age, class and ethnic roles.For instance, research shows (check with Elaine Blackmore on this) that it is more difficult for students to address a female professor as â€Å"Dry. Whoever† than to address a male professor similarly. The institutional norms play a similar role as cultural norms but perhaps more strongly affect what behaviors the teacher and students see as acceptable. Is the teaching method â€Å"du Sour† being promulgated as the only acceptable teaching practice? Is teaching â€Å"outside the lines† an acceptable custom? Are teachers encouraged to take risks?Are students encouraged to take an active role in their o wn education? The culture of the institution determines what is valued/ rewarded/recognized in the context. Is teaching rewarded or does research have higher esteem and, thus, more currency. How is teaching evaluated? All of these are affected by the larger culture, but specifically designated by the institution's culture and the norms of the department within which the course is offered. Last, but certainly not least, is the personal context which each instructor (and every student, for that matter) brings to the classroom.Personal context includes stresses context contains teachers' attitudes about learning, teaching, students, their own abilities, and their subject matter. For instance, teachers who believe their students can learn the content and communicate that belief to students can create a self- fulfilling prophecy in much the same way as teachers who do not believe in their students' abilities can create failure, regardless of actual student abilities. More importantly, is teachers' ability to teach from who they are.Teachers, to succeed, must believe in themselves, their students and the importance and awesomeness of their subject. Today's classroom is dynamic and complex. More students are coming to school neglected, abused, hungry, and ill-prepared to learn and work productively. To combat increasing student alienation, and meet the scope and intensity of the academic, social and emotional needs of today's students, those entering the teaching profession will need to find ways to create authentic learning communities y adjusting the power dynamics to turn power over into power with learners.These changing demands call for teaching styles that better align with emerging metaphors of teacher as social mediator, learning facilitator, and reflective practitioner. Being able to function in these roles begins with teacher self-awareness, self-inquiry, and self-reflection, not with the students. Becoming an effective teacher involves considerably more th an accumulating skills and strategies. Without tying teaching and management decisions to personal beliefs about teaching, learning, and development, a teacher will have only the bricks.The real stuff of teaching is the mortar that holds the bricks in place and provides a foundation. Being successful in today's classroom environment goes beyond taking on fragmented techniques for managing instruction, keeping students on-task, and handling student behavior. It requires that the teacher remain did and able to move in many directions, rather than stuck only being able to move in one direction as situations occur. Effective teaching is much more than a compilation of skills and strategies. It is a deliberate philosophical and ethical code of conduct.When teachers become reflective restrictions, they move beyond a knowledge base of discrete skills to a stage where they integrate and modify skills to a specific context and eventually, to a point where the skills are internalized enabling them to invent new strategies. They develop the necessary sense of self-menace to create personal solutions to problems. If teachers latch onto techniques without examination of what kinds of teaching practices would be congruent with their beliefs, aligned with their discountenancing structures, and harmonious with their personal styles, they will have Just a bag of tricks.Without yin teaching decisions to beliefs about the teaching/learning process and assumptions about, and expectations for students, teachers will have only isolated techniques. Unless teachers engage in critical re-section and on-going discovery they stay trapped in unexamined Judgments, interpretations, assumptions, and expectations. On Becoming the Critically Reflective Teacher Developing as a critically reflective teacher encompasses both the capacity for critical inquiry and self-reflection. Critical inquiry involves the conscious consideration of the moral and ethical implications and consequences of classr oom practices on students.Few teachers get through a day without facing ethical dilemmas. Even routine evaluative Judgments of students' work is partly an ethical decision, in that lack of considerations. Self-reflection goes beyond critical inquiry by adding to conscious consideration the dimension of deep examination of personal values and beliefs, embodied in the assumptions teachers make and the expectations they have for students. For discussion purposes, the term critical reflection will be used to merge the two concepts of critical inquiry and self-reflection, and [email  protected] the distinguishing attribute of re-active practitioners.

The Code of Ethics of a Company - 2068 Words

Code of Ethics A code of ethics represents a value statement of a company, its directors and its employees. It is the expected behavior tone that needs to be practiced in the company. It is considered to be a subsection of the ongoing mentoring program for ethical decision making. This program helps in preventing misconduct at workplace. For effective execution, this program requires continuous compliance monitoring along with constant reports to the top management. Code of ethics is a written policy communicated to the consumers and media by placing it on the company website. For the present study, I am selecting Oxfams code of ethics. Oxfams Values Accountability and Integrity: The company and its members are required to deliver their results on the committed date to the customer and, if found any errors, will be responsible to fix them on urgent basis. Security and Safety: The safety and security of the employees as well as the public is of supreme importance. Customer Focus: The company establishment clause defines the existence to meet the needs of the customers. It also emphasizes on the level of trust that exists between the members. Members are promised to be treated fairly and respectfully. Corporate Social responsibility: The company establishment purpose recognizes to support the social welfare causes so as to improve the quality of life. Fairness Policy: The Company seeks to practice fair policy that may be apparent in all procedures whetherShow MoreRelatedCompany Code of Ethics Essay827 Words   |  4 PagesCompany Code of Ethics The Company code of ethics will cover all employees within our organization. The Code of ethics is essential for corporations today to remain in business and abide by their federal and state government regulations. Ethical training programs will exist ever corporation and are given to each employee usually the first day of employment and renewed on the annual basics. An ethical conflict occurs when people will encounter situations that they cannot easily control or resolvedRead MoreThe Principles Of The Code Of Ethics Of A Company1143 Words   |  5 Pagesable to select and justify their top three business principles after teaching them the seven principles of the code of ethics of a company. Students will be able to individually explain the direct relationship that exists between a code of ethics and how it plays out with social responsibility. Students will understand and therefore recall specific principles they would like their company to use when they become entrepreneurs. Expectations: The audience will participate in discussions with enthusiasmRead MoreCode of Ethics for a Fictional Company1466 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿Code of Ethics for Fictional Company I. Objective The objective of this study is to create a code of ethics for a fictional company. Included will be Guiding Principles and a stated Purpose of the Code along with Core Values, Training and Education, Definitions, the employees that are covered under this code of ethics, how it will be implemented and communicated as well as enforced and reported. II. Introduction The fictional company in this study is a home health care agency that sends outRead MoreCompany X Code Of Ethics1156 Words   |  5 PagesCompany X Code of Ethics Purpose The Code of Ethics is to be used as a guide of the company values. This information will inform employees about the core values of Company X, along with an understanding of why having a commitment to the ethical conduct is a necessity. Standards and Procedures Standards of ethical behavior apply to every employee of Company X. This will guide Company Xs’ employees to make ethical decisions. 1. Follow HIPPA Privacy Rules HIPAA Privacy Rules are established standardsRead MoreThe Company s Code Of Ethics1145 Words   |  5 Pages2 INTRODUCTION Jim Goodnight is the CEO of SAS and has lead the company since 1976.Jim has brought innovations and corporate culture by his commitment and visions to meet the highest technology and work-balanced. SAS which stand for â€Å"Statistical Analysis System† have values and work on them to meet the highest standards and overcome boundaries to reach the future with great expertise and tangible results. In fact, SAS are committed to the highest ethical standards in its dealings with colleaguesRead MoreEth 316 Company Code of Ethics1035 Words   |  5 PagesCompany Code of Ethics Company Code of Ethics Wal-Mart was started over fifty years ago in Arkansas and within those fifty years has emerged into the largest retailer in the world. Wal-Mart operates in many countries with thousands of stores and millions of employees. One reason for Wal-Mart’s is the value and hard work they put into upholding their code of ethics. Wal-Mart has three basic beliefs – respect for the individual, service to their customers, and striving for excellence. Of theRead MoreCode of Ethics Conduct Coca-Cola Company3157 Words   |  13 PagesEnvironment Code of Ethics Conduct Coca-Cola Company Richard Bonds Dr. J. A. Anderson, Sr. Date May, 31 2014 Abstract Coca-Cola Company or Coke s the largest distributor of soft drinks in the world. Businesses such as Coke and other corporations set a strict code of ethics laws to live by and operate upon. This paper will illustrate the code of ethics of Coke the industry leaders and two of its partners/competitors PepsiCo and Dr. Pepper/Snapple Co. and the similarities of their ethics codeRead MoreEssay on Est1 Code of Ethics Company G1303 Words   |  6 PagesGiven Company| Ethics Program| | Patti BowenWestern Governors University| | Given Company Ethics Program A. INTRODUCTION Our Code of Ethics Program is designed to uphold the interests of every stakeholder of Given Company. Our mission is to uphold a high level of integrity by maintaining high company standards, values and principles to ensure the company meets its mission of being a good corporate citizen who is socially responsible. Our program provides effective guidance for dailyRead MoreThe Code Of Ethics : The Star Financial And Tax Solutions Company Essay1495 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction A Code of Ethics is placed to act as a guideline to specific values, ethics, organization objectives, and the responsibilities of the specific organization. The code of ethics acts a guideline and template for the behavior for both internal employees and also towards employees externally. Being the cornerstone of operations, The Star Financial and Tax Solutions Company operations are guided by the following Code of Ethics: 1. Legal Compliance-the employees should adhere to the rule ofRead MoreEstablishing a Code of Ethics: Planning Implementation and Evaluation Strategies within a Company1472 Words   |  6 Pagesestablishing a code of ethics, its planning, and implementation and evaluation strategies within a company. After brainstorming about the ethical values for the company it will be easier for the company to support non-profit organization as much as possible. A-Develop an appropriate standards and procedures section, such as a code of ethics. This Code of ethics is supported by the following essential assumptions: For the purpose of achieving the objectives of the companies, ethics are very important

Appendix a American Imperialism - 1314 Words

Associate Program Material Appendix A American Imperialism Part 1 Complete the chart by identifying the following: Identify the countries or areas where the United States engaged in imperialistic actions during the period from about 1870 to 1914. Discuss why each area was important to American empire building—political, economic, and social. Explain America’s expansionist ideals. What were some factors that justified American imperialist actions? Identify the current political status of these places in relation to the United States. Age of Imperialism: 1870 to 1914 Place | Why was there interest? | U.S. actions | Status today | EXAMPLE: Alaska | The U.S. government wanted the†¦show more content†¦Why was the United States interested in expansion in these areas? Why was America building a global empire? The America Imperial aimed at the extension of political, economic, and cultural control nation boundaries that were weak. I was four ways for it to be accomplished by military conquest; by treaty or simply lending money to a weak country or recipient country that are unable to pay. The United States engaged these activities to get higher authority. They required a good will and good retentions and expand markets through out the east and west hemisphere. But, was not efficient enough to be successful because, of the intervention they had caused among the affected countries caused by resentment and bitterness. â€Å"Imperialism grew in America because of three major reasons- the first reasons are economic interes ts, the second reasons are military interests, and the last reason is cultural superiority. If we hadnt become an imperialist nation, then we would have never gotten the islands of Hawaii or Alaska. We also helped the Cubans and Philippines to gain their freedom and got Puerto Rico as a territory too. Imperialism was a much better foreign policy than the Monroe Doctrine.† What were the benefits of America’sShow MoreRelatedAmerican Imperialism797 Words   |  4 PagesProgram Material Appendix A American Imperialism Part 1 Complete the chart by identifying the following: Identify the countries or areas where the United States engaged in countries or areas where the United States engaged in imperialistic actions during the period from about 1870 to 1914. Discuss why each area was important to American empire building—political, economic, and social. Explain America’s expansionist ideals. What were some factors that justified American imperialist actionsRead MoreAmerican Imperialism Research Study Essay1423 Words   |  6 PagesAssociate Program Material Appendix A American Imperialism Part 1 Complete the chart by identifying the following: †¢ Identify the countries or areas where the United States engaged in imperialistic actions during the period from about 1870 to 1914. †¢ Discuss why each area was important to American empire building—political, economic, and social. †¢ Explain America’s expansionist ideals. What were some factors that justified American imperialist actions? †¢ Identify the current politicalRead MoreThe United States And The Soviet Union2006 Words   |  9 Pageswas a seventeen year period, which lasted from 1955-1972, where the two cold war rivals spawned satellites, receptors, and space probes for the sole purpose to achieving new heights. Over the span, the United States established two main goals: imperialism throughout the world and restoring its identity in order to to show the world that they were the saviours similar to the role they played in World War II and expanded such a cause through the use of cartoons, unprecedented technology, and the ArmRead MoreThe Garbage Problem in America Essay1693 Words   |  7 Pagesthe Constitution, have nevertheless sought to pass legislation to halt New Jerseys aggressive export policy. But it is the city of Philadelphia and the saga of its ash barge that provides perhaps the striking example of this form of garbage imperialism. During the 1980s, Philadelphia sought to rely on incineration to reduce the amount of its municipal trash embarked for distant landfills. As a consequence, local officials were stuck with a new, and more difficult problem: how to dispose ofRead MoreAssess the Short Term Significance of the Suez War of 19562228 Words   |  9 Pagesof Tiran. However, both countries were to remain hostile and the legacy of the Suez War will be conflict, not peace. First of all, the Suez War in 1956 played a significant role in Nasser’s Egypt. There were many gains for Egypt from the Suez War. American Historian, William Polk states ‘in western eyes, the Suez War made Nasser a hero’ and ‘claimed a political victory within a military defeat’, this comment clearly infers to the unsuccessful attempt of Britain and France to ‘destroy’ Nasser whichRead MoreThe Israel-Egypt Peace Treaty of 1979: A Balance of Peace and Power in the Middle East 1757 Words   |  8 Pages(rulers) who succeeded Ali continued his campaign of modernization by constructing new facilities; the Suez Canal, an important position in trade between Europe and the Far East, was constructed in 1869. However, this modernization invited the imperialism that Egypt sought to avoid ; in 1883, Egypt became a â€Å"veiled protectorate† (an unofficial colonial dependency), and on the eve of World War I, a formal British protectorate was established until the Egyptian Revolution of 1952. During the WarRead MoreInequality And Class Conflict : A Labor Theory Perspective3379 Words   |  14 Pages017. It wasn’t until The Great Recession (2007-2009) that the economy saw similar inequality as depicted during The Great Depression. Incomes were hit hard across the board. Median household income declined 8.1 percent between 2007 and 2012 (See Appendix A – Figure 1). In relation to economic recovery, after the Great Depression, between the end of World War II and the late 1970s, income equality in the United States was becoming more stable. To elaborate briefly, incomes at the bottom were risingRead MoreDisney Land9906 Words   |  40 Pagesthe marketing mix, i.e. Product, Price, Promotion and Distribution while planning their market entry strategy. Since the American management were successful while launching the brand previously, in the USA and Japan, they thought it best to use the same formula in Europe. They were met with surprise during the scheme of things. The French market was not welcoming to their American ways. Their strategy needed re-thinking. This time round they had to understand the underlying problems and find solutionsRead MoreTrajan’s Forum: The Hub of Early Roman Society Essay1828 Words   |  8 Pagespredecessors, Trajan built his forum in order to mark Rome as the imperial center of the empire. The many fora with t heir marvelous feats of architecture were intended to be impressive to both the Roman citizens and any outsiders. Within Trajan’s Forum (Appendix Figure 1) stood the Basilica Ulpia, the Greek and Latin Libraries, the Column of Trajan, the Temple of Trajan and Trajan’s Markets. The complex follows an axial plan that leads from the Forum of Augustus, through an arch and into the Forum’s courtyardRead MoreHitler s Impact On The World War II2312 Words   |  10 Pagescountry. Propaganda is defined as, â€Å"ideas, facts, or allegations spread deliberately to further one s cause or to damage an opposing cause.† All of the participants in the war used it. Despite this, the known stereotype of World War II is that the Americans were the heroes and the Germans and Japanese were the villains. Taking a closer look, the United States used similar methods in getting the nation on board. In 1942, President Franklin D. Roosevelt created the Office of War Information (OWI). This

I Am A Baseball Field - 946 Words

Everybody has a special place that means so much to them every time the set foot there. My special place just so happens to be a baseball field. It doesn’t necessarily have to be a particular field, it’s just that every time I set foot on one I think of all the memories made when playing the game and of all the friends I have made because of it. I have been playing baseball for practically my entire life and along the way have learned a lot of life lessons because of it. A few fields that specifically stand out to me are Cooperstown Dreams Park and Wenatchee Valley College baseball field. A baseball field is very unique. The smell of the fresh cut grass on game day and the feeling of the dirt under your cleats are something only baseball players can describe. Every time I set foot on the field for a game, it always feels like the first time with the pre-game jitters and adrenaline rush of the first pitch. Going to a baseball field at any level from little league or to a professional game, I just love to take in all of the excitement and fun while enjoying every play made because baseball is easily the greatest game ever invented. A baseball field isn’t necessarily loud like a football game, but it is also relaxing to where you can sit and enjoy the weather and enjoy conversing with whoever you are there with all while watching a great game played by kids or adults. That’s the atmosphere that I like, and that’s another reason a baseball field is my place of comfort.Show MoreRelatedEbbets Field1311 Words   |  6 Pages Ebbets Field Baseball has always been something that I have loved. Whenever I get the opportunity to be around baseball I am. I enjoy every aspect of the game, the pastime and now. That is why I chose the piece of art I did for this paper. For my piece of artwork, I didn’t choose a piece of art that was extremely famous by any means. I actually chose a piece of art that most people probably don’t even know exists. The piece of art I chose was Ebbets Field Giclee on Canvas by a man named Al SorensonRead MoreA Game Of Balls And Bats911 Words   |  4 Pagesscore runs by hitting a fair ball with the bat. The field is a diamond shape with bases in each corner with an order of first, second, third, and home. After the ball is hit, the runner runs counterclockwise around the bases. When a batter gets to home plate, a point is scored. The batter waits at home plate to receive a pitch from the opposing team’s pitcher. The pitcher is set up equally in the middle of all four bases. T here is an outer field on the opposite side of home plate where the ball canRead MoreEssay on My Two Favorite Sports: Tennis vs. Basketball520 Words   |  3 Pagespractice. 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Actually, that move is so appreciated that it is not even counted against the hitter’s batting average. Baseball is a game that teaches playersRead MoreBaseball : Baseball And Baseball795 Words   |  4 PagesBaseball Tryouts Look I love baseball, I love watching it, playing it, but the only flaw to me playing baseball is that I suck. I truly really suck. I’m so bad that if I wished a million times to be a great baseball player it wouldn’t come true, that’s how bad I am. In a few weeks this traveling baseball team is having tryouts and I want to tryout and all but I don’t want to make a fool of myself. But my dad keeps saying, â€Å"Kevin you are trying out for this team no matter what and you are goingRead MoreBaseball Games : A Special Place939 Words   |  4 PagesThere are only thirty cities in the United States that are fortunate enough to have a major league baseball team. One of those lucky cities is Denver, Colorado. Sitting on the corner of 20th and Blake Street in Lower Downtown Denver, Coors Field has been home to the Colorado Rockies since 1999. There are many reasons why Coors Field is a special place. The atmosphere of Coors Field is unforgettable. Baseball fans encounter many sacred moments because it is more than just a game, it is America s pastimeRead MoreMy Strengths And Weaknesses Of My Career1140 Words   |  5 PagesTowards the beginning of the semester, I was a little hectic. I had an idea with what I wanted to do wi th my life but I was not fully sure. Now I have learned what some of the majors I was interested in are about. Knowing what the majors are about helped me narrow the options down. Also, I have learned more about my strengths and weaknesses. This told me what majors would suit me better to my strengths and weaknesses. Throughout the process of the MyPlan, I have learned my strengths and weaknessesRead MoreBaseball Is America s Past Time Sport1588 Words   |  7 Pages Baseball is well known as America s Past-Time sport. It has been played the same for many years, and now all of a sudden some fans and the commissioner of baseball want to make such abrupt rule changes just to speed up the game itself. Those rule changes include possibly eliminating managers, introducing a time limit on mound visits, a pitching clock, also there has been talk about starting every inning with a runner on second base, and finally one of the most drastic changes is cuttingRead MoreBaseball Is A Sp ort Of Baseball888 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"There are only two seasons, winter and baseball† (Veeck). For most people, baseball is a way of life, not just a sport they play or watch. The history of baseball goes all the way back to the 1800s, and is a sport played in many countries around the world. Baseball is one of America’s most popular sports, and it would not be called America’s Pastime if it wasn’t. The rules of baseball might be simple to grasp, but the game in itself is very difficult. Baseball has history that cannot be forgottenRead MoreThe Day Of The Baseball Field1306 Words   |  6 PagesMy stomach ached as if I hadn’t eaten in days. I was a hundred-percent positive I was more nervous than my brother was. I walked toward the entrance of the vast facility, hoping I didn’t look as nervous as I felt. By the expressions on my mom’s face, I could tell she was feeling the same. My dad paid for the tickets and we entered t he facility knowing this could be the last time we saw Cody play baseball. It was a near perfect day for America’s game. The sun was shining down, there were just a few

Tacit Oligopoly of the Original Supermarkets of Bogor Free Essays

string(96) " methods of research to verify my hypothesis, the ATA collected will be presented and analyzed\." Extended Essay in Economics Tacit Oligopoly of the Original Supermarkets of Bog Written By B Diploma Candidate #: Session Word Count: Abstract The grocery market of Bog has been facing a significant change during the past several years. Sudden emergence of new suppliers has more than doubled the number of existing supermarkets. I took interest at the fact that despite of the sudden increase in the number of suppliers, there never was a price decrease. We will write a custom essay sample on Tacit Oligopoly of the Original Supermarkets of Bogor or any similar topic only for you Order Now This signifies that the market is experiencing Over Supply. I decided to investigate whether the strain caused by the over supply have hanged a particular part of the market structure of the supermarkets of Bog. I took to compete against new competitors. My first step was to investigate whether the supermarkets shows characteristics of an oligopoly. Several factors are apparent; the number of firms in the market is small, their size is relatively big, their products are slightly differentiated, and the entry barriers are high. To further strengthen my claim concerning the barrier, I have studied a small portion of two legal documents that concerns starting a supermarket business. Afterwards, I have recorded product prices and performed statistical analysis to determine whether the price range is narrow. I then compare the prices of the new supermarkets and all the supermarkets of Bog as a whole. The result shows that indeed there is an oligopoly; yet it extends to reach the new supermarkets. This meaner that the original supermarkets have not segregated themselves to attempt gain business power (e. G. In pricing). New questions are formed based on the results. Among them is whether the oligopoly intentional or has competition with other suppliers, e. G. The traditional markets, caused the price range to be limited? These questions require further researches that are likely to orientate to the Business Studies disciplines. Word count: 295 Table of Contents Part 1: An Introduction to the Essay Part 2: The Present Market Profile Part 3: Review of Relevant Theories 2 3 5 7 Part 4: Hypothesis and Methodology of Research Part 5: Data Collection and Analysis Part 6: Conclusion and Evaluation 17 10 12 Bibliography 18 Appendix 2 Appendix 3 Acknowledgements Part 1: An Introduction to the Essay 20 21 Bog is a minor city that is founded over two centuries ago, thus by now it is well known by its surrounding cities and villages. The city was established as a center of trade for local agricultural industries (Incarnate). As a citizen of the city ever since birth, I know well that the grocery market of the city is massive. The vast and well known open air market of fresh produces called Papas Bog (or the Market of Bog’), numerous minor grocers, five notable supermarkets, and the easily accessible shopping centers in Jakarta have supplied the household demands of the 3,696,848 citizens residing in Bog (the figure was recorded at a 1997 census) (Incarnate). The market status, however, have taken a significant turn during the last 10 years. Numerous new suppliers entered the market; among them are as much as five new supermarkets (doubling the present number), two hypermarkets, and two new mini- market chains. Among the very basic principles taught to economics students is the Market Equilibrium law. It states that the demand and supply of a product is dependent of the price level. The consumers prefer lower prices while the suppliers prefer higher prices. Where the two quantities met, it is called the Equilibrium point. (Collier, 201) Diagram 1. 0 shows this point of importance as (SQL, Pl). Diagram 1. 0. The Micro Economic Model of the Grocery Market shift in the Supply line. Diagram 1. 0 portrays this scenario by having the line labeled ‘Supply 1’ shift to become ‘Supply 2’. This shift will cause the equilibrium to increase in quantity but decrease in price (Collier, 191). However, there never was a significant price decrease in the grocery market of Bog. The supply line may shift, but the price is maintained at Pl, and theoretically this must result in an Over Supply. An Over Supply occurs when the quantity of supply exceeds the quantity of demand. (Collier, 203) [pick] Diagram 1. 1 . Illustration of the market experiencing Over Supply The Over Supply strains the suppliers, since it meaner that some of their stock will remain stagnant and inevitably experience depreciation -which in turn will result in business failure. Despite, logically thinking, the side that was experiencing the biggest lost of consumers will be the suppliers (supermarket, etc. ) in Jakarta; inevitably the local suppliers of Bog too will share part of the strain. However, the pressure will not be as hard on the new competitors as it would be to the original suppliers since all new competitors belong to a nationwide company (details are located in part 2: the Present Market Profile). There is the possibility that the demand line has shift along (or even preliminary) to the shift of the supply line. However, through observation I have noticed that there never was an apparent change in the factors that may trigger a shift of the demand line. Those factors are: price of substitute products, price of complementary goods, general income and taste (preference), the population, and advertisements (Galilee, 24). The original supermarkets (from this point this term will be used to refer to the supermarkets that have existed before the sudden emergence of new competitors) concerned me the most. The Market of Bog and other minor suppliers surely offered the least prize, thus they have a separate market segment. My concern would be whether the business pressure is strong enough for the original supermarkets to from a tacit oligopoly. Thus was formed the research question: Did the original supermarkets of Bog form a tacit oligopoly to compete against the new competitors? The next part of the essay will reveal the present market profile. Following it will be a review of relevant theories, which serves as a base for the hypothesis. After discussing my methods of research to verify my hypothesis, the ATA collected will be presented and analyzed. You read "Tacit Oligopoly of the Original Supermarkets of Bogor" in category "Papers" Thus, a conclusion will be formed, along unanswered questions and possible sources of error. Part 2: The Present Market Profile Original Supermarkets: Ingest Supermarket (3 outlets) Grand Supermarket Shanghai-La Supermarket New Supermarkets: Hero Supermarket Matriarch Marketplace A;G Groceries DAD Supermarket Ramadan Supermarket New Hypermarkets: Giant Hypermarket Hypermarket Hypermarket. New Mini-markets: Intimidator Alfalfa’s Other competitors: The Market of Bog Minor Grocers Suppliers (supermarket, etc. ) of Jakarta A ‘minor grocer’ is a reference towards traditional Indonesian grocery suppliers, known locally as Warnings’. It tends to be a small store, not often would you found one the size of a typical bathroom. The goods it sells are usually minor needs, such as cigars, sweets, and hygiene products. The appearance of the outlets tends to be ignored and they could be found dispersed around the vicinity of the city. However, the term ‘mint-markets’ refers towards literal small supermarkets. Its design and facilities equal those of a supermarket and thus it presents its customers with every benefits of a supermarket besides variety of product. The mint-markets belong to a nationwide chain and they have an outlet in seemingly every residential area of the city. Despite being under the same brand, the three outlets of Ingest Supermarket belong to different people. It originated as a Private Limited company, but now the three branches are run separately by three children of the original founder. Note: ‘Opt†¦ Tab is the Indonesian label for a Public Limited company) Hero Supermarkets and Giant Hypermarket belong to OPT. Hero Supermarket Tab. Matriarch Market Place (a supermarket) and Hypermarket (a hypermarket) belong to OPT. Matriarch Putter Prima Tab. ? Ramadan Supermarket belongs to OPT. Ramadan Alistair Santos Tab. GAG Mart Groceries and DAD Supermarket belong to different companies but both own more than one outlet situated in different cities of the country. The mint-market chain Intimidator belongs to OPT. Indicator Prismatic (a Limited company that belongs to the Indoors group, whose owner once so far as become Indonesian richest entrepreneur). The Alfalfa’s mint-market chain belongs to OPT Summer Alfalfa Trinity Biding Shah (a Limited company) and is about to be integrated to OPT Ramadan Alistair Santos Tab that owns the Ramadan Supermarket (see above). Art 3: Review of Relevant Theories Sisters Paramus Sisters Paramus is an assumption that every factor other than the one being discussed remains constant (Galilee, 10). Every part of this essay is written on Sisters Paramus. To investigate whether the original supermarkets of Bog have formed an oligopoly, first the characteristic of that particular market structure and other alternatives must be pre-determined. 1). A Monopoly This is a market where there is a single seller. It has absolute control over the prices of the market due the unavailability of substitute products. Due to this fact, often times monopolies are placed under strict control of the government. (Galilee, 120) A monopolized market requires the highest forms of barrier of entry. This meaner that people interested in entering the market ought to proceed through many difficult requirements which often was impossible to attain. The highest barrier that one may encounter is governmental laws, and indeed it was often intentionally employed to create monopolies. (Collier, 269) A good example would be Indonesian PLAN, its sole electricity supplier for the whole nation. It was the only entity n the market for mass electricity and legal laws forbid any enterprise to enter the market. In this particular case, the government owned the company. This grants them maximum control over the market. The huge sales volume was directed towards the government’s fund. 2). Assumptions of an Oligopoly An oligopoly is a market situation where there are few sellers and each firm may be aware of the activities of another. There are high barriers of entry -but these are lower than those of a monopoly. The products they offered tend to be differentiated goods, this refers to goods that are derived from an original form (e. . Shampoos may be differentiated to anti-hair-loss, scalp oil controlling, etc). (Galilee, 140) The few firms in the market collude together and act like a monopoly formed by many entities. A formal collision is called a cartel, and the original supermarkets of Bog do not belong to a formal cartel. An unofficial collusion is referred to as a tacit oligopoly. (Galilee, 140) The colluding firms will have an agreement about price range, advertising, market share, and possibly corporate business strategies. Their semi-monopoly allows the firm sizes to be big. (Galilee, 140) 3). Assumptions of a Monopolistic Market A monopolistic market is when many firms compete in the same market, selling similar yet differentiated goods or services. The barrier of entry is relatively low compared to the previous two market structures discussed. (Galilee, 114) each other but are differentiated. A consumer may switch his preference from one brand to another and will not experience a significant change in utility. Note however, that when talking about such products, there are several items on the market with very distinguished feature (special brand of clothing, etc. ) that belongs to ice markets. These products are not part of a monopolistic market. The degree of price control (however weak) of a monopolistic market is attributed towards this slight differentiation. If the product is entirely homogeneous, no firm will have control over its prices, turning it into a Perfect Competition Market. (Galilee, 114) 4). Assumptions of a Perfect Competition Market A perfect competition market houses extreme amounts of producers, none of which possessing a high rate of market share. The products are homogeneous (exactly the same), and the barrier of entry is near to non-existent. No firm has any influence over the market’s price. The homogeneity of the product does not allow selling above market price (since it will result in severe loss), and the fierce amount of competition did not allow the firms to engage in a price war strategy (setting price lower), since the market price is already set as close to the cost of production as it could be. If indeed the current price is a degree above the average cost of producing the goods, then a firm may employ a price war strategy and enjoyed supernormal profit for a period of time, but other competitors will follow suit immediately. Part 4: Hypothesis and Methodology of Research My hypothesis is the original supermarkets of Bog have formed a tacit oligopoly that is separate from the new supermarkets to gain business power. As discussed in the introduction and the market profile section of this essay, it is unquestionable that the original supermarkets experience a degree of pressure from the sudden establishment of new competitors. I believe that it is only logical for them to attempt making the overall competition more endurable by forming a segregated oligopoly. This way, they may attempt corporate business strategies, especially on the matter of racing. To prove this hypothesis, I must attempt to correlate the supermarkets with characteristics of an oligopoly. Those are: Number of firms: few. Products are slightly differentiated (as in groceries). Big. High barrier of entrance. C] Similar price range. Size of firms: relatively The first three characteristics are theoretical and apparent. There are a small number of firms (compared to the monopolistic food and beverage business or the perfect competition green grocers, for example). All supermarkets sell many identical products (common brand and package size) and the nature of these products is in neural only slightly differentiated. The size of the firms too is relatively big, proven to us by the existence of mint-markets which are smaller representatives of supermarkets. As of the barrier of entering the market, it is only logical that it is high. A supermarket is visibly a large scale business -meaning that it requires a big amount of capital to start. Furthermore, the products offered by a supermarket are numerous in variety. For every single product they would have to prepare legal methodologies of payment, storage, delivery, and shelf placement -this surely is a significant entry to the supermarket business is high. The last missing information is their product prices. I will record the prices of all supermarkets and perform statistical analysis to determine their price range. If the prices posed by the original supermarkets are similar to each other, then it is proven that they indeed do form a tacit oligopoly. The next part of the research would be comparing the price of the original supermarkets to the new supermarkets. Afterwards I shall perform identical mathematical analysis as before. If indeed the two results (the first being the price range of the original supermarkets alone and the second data being the price range f all supermarkets) are different, then indeed we would know that the original supermarkets of Bog have formed an oligopoly that segregated them. Diagram 4. 0 shows the Market with the original supermarkets segregating themselves and formed an entirely new team (oligopoly). This way, possibilities to compete better will open to them, e. G. A corporate pricing strategy. However, if their price range is similar, then we may conclude that all the supermarkets as a whole is an oligopoly and so the original supermarkets have not segregated themselves by making an oligopoly of their own. Diagram 4. Wows an oligopoly that includes both the original and the new part 5: Data Collection and Analysis Before proceeding with the price analysis, I would like to strengthen my claim concerning the high entry barrier. Here are parts of two legal documents that concern opening a new supermarket business. Note that the documents are written in the Indonesian language (Bass Indonesia), thus the translations present are my personal attempt. Here is a transcript from the ‘Peered tenting Pentagonal Shah Industry Separate Bog [Regional Regulati on Concerning the Managing of Industries in the Bog Region]’: How to cite Tacit Oligopoly of the Original Supermarkets of Bogor, Papers