Week 3 Case Study 1 Submission Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Week 3 1 Submission - Case Study Example This always occurs in many ways; it boiled down to workers preferring to use their technology in all scenarios. The smartphone or tablet travel with the worker in all places he goes, whether at the working station or not. Employees can have access to their mail, contacts, and the Internet. (Caris, Steven, & Ken, 2012).Therefore, this would in turn raise productivity by allowing organization workers to perform their function in any place they want. When an employee can have access to the corporation network from his or her personal laptop, they might have limitless working schedule. Scholars have found that employees have a tendency of working longer hours when they work from their premises. They can easily log on to their corporate email account or other apps over the weekends or in evenings. In some circumstances, employees would work for an additional 5 to 10 hours per week if they work from where they live(Romer, 2014). In addition, to meet employees’satisfaction, BYOD can assist an organization to attract and support upcoming talents. BOYD provides flexibility, especially when combined with work-from-home opportunities can be a main marketing point for a company wishing to recruit new employees. This will allow the company to lure applicants who are best to suit for and have excitement about the job, rather than those who are just willing to settle. It would be important to implement BOYD in an organization because instead of spending a lot of organization’s resources in setting infrastructure, the opportunity of saving the resources is provided by bringing your device (BYOD). BYOD ensures these resources are utilized, and no time is invested in infrastructure (Romer, 2014). The data might be contaminated. Recently, an employee vacation snaps would be stored on a smartphone that is also used at working place. The photographs and other data are stored using the same phone storage with business data. Therefore, combination

Stereotypes of African Americans in Television Essay Example for Free

Stereotypes of African Americans in Television Essay Stereotypes of African Americans have been around since slavery. Once media got involved it was able to give society a visual as to how other races portrayed them. With television, it’s becoming more and more vivid of how bad the stereotyping is getting. Now a day’s some writers of these shows and try to hide the racial remarks, while others are blunt with it and receive no type of punishment for their actions. You do have some sitcoms that will shine a positive light on the African American community, but these shows never last long. The gatekeepers do not want to put a positive image in your head they want you feel a certain way so therefore they come up with shows like Family Guy and South Park that say racial remarks, but it’s in a subliminal message. The first television was invented in 1927, but it took 33 years before an African American actress and actor would be seen on it. The first sitcom was debut in 1950, and it was Beulah. It was based on a white family whose housekeeper was black and overweight. The show was cancelled because the NAACP didn’t like the negative message it was sending to America. The first sitcom to be influential for African Americans was the Nat King Cole Show in 1956. This paved the way for show like The Bill Cosby Show, A Different World, The Fresh Prince of Bel Air, and In Living Color, which are still successful today. Donald Bogle’s Primetime Blues, explains the role that African Americans have portrayed all these year in television. Each chapter is broken up into decades and tells the role they have played and how television has mirrored the society’s attitude towards African Americans and other blacks. He describes how regardless of the role an African American plays whether they are a lawyer, doctor, cop, drug dealer, or working on wall street you are still an unknown real person. This has a physical affect on the African American growing up and they don’t realize it. With the help from internet sources and books such as Family Life in Black America, Black Families and The Medium of Television, Racism, Sexism, and the Media, Prime Time Blues I will prove that television has and it still is portraying African Americans in a negative light.

Choosing the Right Cell Phone Essay Example for Free

Choosing the Right Cell Phone Essay Consumer Reports assert â€Å"cell phones are evolving to allow faster texting, Web surfing, GPS navigation, and social networking while keeping up with their day job—voice calling† (Consumer Reports, n.d.). When walking out the door this morning the average person picked up three things; a wallet or purse, their car keys, and their cell phone. The cell phone, though often taken for granted has become a form of life support to many. Before just rushing out to purchase the latest and greatest here is what consumers should know before purchasing their next cell phone. Take the time to prepare and review before going out to purchase a phone. Many often take the word of a salesman they do not even know to decide what is best for them or let a commercial convince them of what device and service they should choose. Picking the wrong cell phone and plan can cost a large amount of money. Everyone has probably made a purchase, and then gotten their next bill to find they were totally surprised. To begin the search for the perfect cell phone one should start with what type of phone he or she is looking for. Would a non-flip (candy bar style phone) or a traditional flip phone (clam shell) better suite their needs? Flip phones had been the choice for most throughout the years but candy bar phones are making a come back with touch screens such as Droids and iPhones. If the phone will be spending a lot of time in ones purse or pocket, one may want to consider a flip phone to avoid unnecessarily scratching the screen and random dialing. If one is looking for a PDA and fully functional QWERTY keypad then a candy bar phone would be the best choice. One should also decide if he or she prefers a touch screen, a standard keyboard, or a QWERTY keyboard when making the decision on they style of phone that is best for them. After deciding the style of phone next one should consider what technology they need in a phone. Do they need text, Internet, e-mail, GPS navigation, walkie-talkie, apps, international service, or just voice calling? There are so many options and possibilities that can make one feel overwhelmed during this process. This can be avoided by doing the proper research ahead of time. The fast pace of today makes email on the go a necessity for most. If needing e-mail one should not pick a phone that is not Internet ready, and may want to consider a full QWERTY keyboard for faster composing of e-mails. Another feature available is walkie-talkie if this is something that was of interest; he or she would want to make sure that is a feature the phone offers. The majority of phones can call out internationally, but if one needs to use the phone abroad he or she would want to check to make sure the phone is world compatible. If voice calling is all one needs it does not make much sense to buy a phone with all the extra bells and whistles. If apps are needed, one might choose an Android or an iPhone because these phones offer the largest selection of apps available. In figure 1.A, based on the latest and greatest technology out today, here is a list of the top three mobile phones. All three of these phones have full access to the Android Market, and are the same in price with a qualified upgrade or new customer pricing. Now that one has decided on the style of phone and what features are needed he or she will make one of the most important decisions in this process. Before deciding on a specific phone one must choose a network. In the past it was easier to choose a network/provider because only one company generally covered a certain area. Providers now have nation-wide networks, and the major companies Sprint, ATT, T-Mobile and Verizon cover almost all areas; making this decision a challenging one. When choosing the right service one should take advantage of the 30-day trial offers that most providers offer to new customers. With taking advantage of the trial one can use the phone in areas he or she would normally be in to make sure service is sufficient. This gives them the ability to make sure it will work in their home, office and see if there are any dead spots in their area. This will allow them to determine if this service provider will be beneficial for their needs before being held to a two and with some providers a three-year commitment. The 30-day trial also pertains to equipment, so if one is not happy with the phone he or she can take it back and try a different model. Say if they thought they could access Facebook, then during the trial realized the phone they have did not support web; it could be exchanged. Perhaps if camera was a big factor on deciding their phone, but when they take pictures they come out fuzzy and not clear; the 30-day trial gives them the freedom to change their mind. Once all these decisions have been made one must then choose his or her calling plan. When choosing a phone plan there are many factors to consider. How many minutes are very important. Chicago Tribune states â€Å"to figure how much talk time you will need, count the minutes you spend on your current phone in a typical month, then add 25 percent to 50 percent as a buffer to avoid hefty overage fees† (Choosing the right cell, 2007). Cell phone providers offer additional services for a set monthly cost. Without the correct information and consideration of what he or she may be using the phone for one could pay a per use fee for additional features he or she failed to have added. If text messaging is something that maybe used, it is far more cost effective to pay $15 per month; rather than $.20 per single text. With data there is also a pay per use charge of $.03 per kilobyte or a monthly data package ranging from $15 to $30. A data package is something that will be needed if one wants to use email, social networking, picture services, apps, and GPS navigation from the phone. Figure 2.A is a chart of some of the main things people are doing on their mobile phones. If the consumer plans to be using any of these features he or she would want to make sure they have the correct plan and features to avoid high bills.

Case studies of managing change in Organisations

Case studies of managing change in Organisations Introduction Task 1 The requirements from task 1 are to identify three organizations which have recently changed the way they run their business, the research must include the nature of the organization and its position in the current economy, what changes they bring in the last five years and what are the outcomes of the change. Objectives of Task 1 Following are the main objectives of Task 1 Investigate a research in 3 organizations which have recently undergone changes in the way the run their business. What is the nature of these organizations and their current economic climate? What changes they brought into their organisation. What are the outcomes of those changes both positive and negative Produce a report to draw the conclusion of the base of study of these three organisations that how changes effects organization in todays economy. Three organisations I have chosen I have chosen the following three organisations for task 1 of the Unit two Managing Change in Organization Islamic International Medical College Trust (IIMCT) Paktel GSM (Zong) Smart Cars 1. Islamic International Medical College Trust (IIMCT) Islamic International Medical College Trust (IIMCT) was established in 1998 to provide medical education. Initially they start with a medical college at Islamabad Pakistan; they acquire a prominent building at the central location of the city. The trust founder is a retired army general, and a leading cardiologist known worldwide. After two years in 2000 IIMCT opened an Engineering College by the name of Islamic International Engineering College (IIEC) and an institute for the education of computing and information technology by the name of Riphah Institute of Informatics, all these colleges continued their daily activities as individual bodies reporting to trust headquarter; the affiliation of these institutions was with county well-known universities like Hamdard University and University of Engineering and Technology Taxila Pakistan. Changes in IIMCT Later on the management of IIMCT feel the need of their own degree awarding body, and this was the point when they decide to go for major change or organizational change. They applied to federal government for the licence of university and received the approval in 2005 by completing all the requirements of having a university licence, and this lead IIMCT to the foundation of Riphah International University. Now Riphah International University has different departments and faculties, Islamic International Medical College is now known as faculty of medical sciences of Riphah International University (RIU), IIEC is engineering faculty and RII is Faculty of Computing of RIU. The IIMCT continue its activities under the brand name while Riphah International University is the degree awarding body now. Recently they have launched different courses in collaboration with University of Bedfordshire UK, and Royal Medical College London. Riphah International University has now 12 faculties with three campuses and three teaching hospitals. Govt of Pakistan have issued them FM radio station and Television licence to the university for educational purposes. RIU have now opened its campus at Dubai in collaboration with Dubai state government. Outcomes of Change From above stated details its quite clear that the changes that IIMCT brought into their organization had a very positive impact like They now have their own degree awarding body They became eligible to get educational grants for Govt Have increased the number of faculties / institutes and also the number of students Govt of Pakistan offers them two govt hospitals and now they are using those as teaching hospitals for their medical students. Get approval to open overseas campuses. Able to work in collaboration with UK leading educational institutions. Have their own FM radio channel and soon will have a TV channel. Get good job placement for their graduates. 2. Paktel GSM (Zong) Paktel the pioneer in the telecom industry in Pakistan, start their operation in the mid 90s. Firstly they provide just ASM services but after the evaluation of GSM technology they also start GSM services. As they were having no competitors in the telecom market, so they were completely dominating the market, a few years after their first competitor came into telecom market an Egyptian company by the name of Orascom Telcom, and the brand name of Mobilink, later on Pakistan telecom also started GSM services by the name of Ufone. The entry of both these companies brought very hard results for Paktel and most of their customers started using services of other companies because of good quality and services, the management of Paktel tried so much to hold their place in the market and for that they offer so many attractive packages but was a hard luck for them and the company goes into completely background when another two companies, Telenor from Norway and Warid Telecom from gulf came in to Pakistani market. Changes in Paktel GSM After having too much competitors with very good business background and latest technologies it was very hard for Paktel to stay in the current scenario, so the management of the company decide to franchise the company and to sell more than 50 % of the company to the China Mobile Company, which is the universe leading telecom company. When China Mobile Company became the owner they bring a vast amount of changes in their technology, management, and the way they operate. They changed the brand name from Paktel to Zong, change the company logo, marketing strategy, introduce very attractive packages for customers, and start providing network services in very remote areas of Pakistan, and now they have on third position in having more customers after Mobilink and Ufone. Outcomes of Change Following are the impact of change that Paktel management bring into their organization i.e. from Paktel to Zong Increase in the number of their customers Now they have updated and latest technology Have now management team with tons of experience. Introduce very good and unique ideas and strategies for marketing, and have attracted a big number of customer to use their product Increase the revenue of the company Have earn a good name in the telecom sector by providing good services 3. Star Cars The company is a British company founded in 1994 by a British person Ernie Andreson at Oxford UK. The mission of the company is to provide cars on hiring with good services. By the end of 1999 the company business was amazing and StarCars were having 5 centres at different cities of United Kingdom. And at the end of 2004 the StarCars expanded its business up to 17 centres all over the UK. But as their business increases they were facing problems in carrying out the daily activities. Following is the list of main problems that became the base for change in near future for StarCars. There was communication problems, the staff members in other centres often found it difficult to sort out wage queries with Oxford. Also when a centre had a problem, such as customer dispute it was difficult to settle because no one seems to have authority at franchise centre, it was the only the founder of the company who make the decisions and was often unavailable. Because of the distance involved, the mobile mechanic found it difficult to maintain cars all over the country. The mechanics were overworked, and the condition of the cars goes wrong by having no proper attention. The accountability of each centre was a major problem for the head office. Because of the geographical distance between centres the staffs feels isolated, there was often a lack of leadership and some staff became demotivated and staffs turn over also risen. Change in StarCars The management of the company decide to organise the company geographically, they divide the company into seven geographical locations and appoint one manager for each region and delegate a lot more responsibilities and power to that individual. The regional manager was assign the responsibility to make daily visits to all the centres in the region, recruit staff and attend a management meeting with the owner and board of directors every two weeks. They also outsource all car maintenance to another business and allow managers to buy cars for their region based on regional demand, but they must have to provide proper justification for that. They start training programs for mangers and other staff members, and also a good incentive packages. Outcomes of Change Following are the main outcomes of change in StarCars Help the company to maintain their accounts easily Improve the way they operate, and increase in their business It became easy for the management to look after the business at all location by consulting the regional manger. Have a very improved organization structure and good communication among all the regional centres. Conclusion (Report) From: Naeem Ullah To: Board of Directors Subject: Impact of change in organizations in todays economy Date: 02-03-2010 In the current era changes effects the organizations the following ways Change in organisation can the baseline of the organization Changes bring alterations or change in the strategy of the organization Can effect the culture and measurement of the organisation Can bring increase or decrease to the profit of the organisation if it is a profit organisation. Change they way they develop, market their product or services Can reduce or increase the management hierarchies Introduction Task 2 This task is about the study of the bureaucratic organisations which are well established and large organisations. Many of these organisations have re assessed their strategies and positions. In this task the requirement is to select two bureaucratic organisations and evaluate their strength and weaknesses, the efficiency through which these organisations works, the impact of bureaucratic organisations on their environment and how these organisations react to change. Objectives of Task Following are the objectives of this task Identify two bureaucratic organisations Evaluate their strengths and weaknesses Impact of bureaucracy on their environment How these organisations react to change Produce a report to evaluate these organisations Report From: Naeem Khan (Managing Consultant) To: Managing Director Date: 29 Mar. 10 Subject: Investigation on two bureaucratic Organisations Two Bureaucratic Organisations To complete this task I have identified the following two bureaucratic organisations. British Telecom (BT) Pakistan Telecommunication Company Limited (PTCL) 1. British Telecom British Telecom (BT) is the worlds oldest communications company, with a direct line of descent from the first commercial telecommunications undertaking in the world.  The Electric Telegraph Company incorporated in 1846, was the first anywhere to exploit leading edge telegraphy technology and introduce electrical communications to an astonished world.  Within ten years an international  network had been developed, making communications possible within minutes and hours instead of days and weeks. The consequences for every aspect of society were dramatic and profound. British Telecom Provides global telecommunication services in more than 170 countries worldwide; Participates in London and New York Stock Exchange and is listed in the FTSE 100 Index. Provides most British fixed-line telephones with local loop and trunk network connections, and telephone exchanges. It operates more than 28 million UK telephone lines. Efficiency through which BT is Working As British Telecom is one of the worlds most popular telecom company, they have very experienced and skilled staff, equipped with latest tools and technology. They provide services in all sector of telecom, from telephonic conversation to fast internet broadband, Ethernet facility, Virtual Private Network VPN, Wireless Local Loops WLL and so many other products and services. The current assets of BT are more than 49.34 billion pounds, and have more than 28 million customers in UK, the total sales of BT in 2009 was about  £21,7235, which show the importance of BT in telecom industry in the country and also its values in producing good revenue for the countrys economy. British Telecom has about 18 competitors in the market but they have the advantage of having much more customers and a very rich history in the telecom sector of United Kingdom. Impact of Bureaucratic Environment on BT As British Telecom is a very big organisation having thousands of employees and dealing with such a big number of customers, they are having a very good organisational structure using the bureaucratic approach to implement their policies. In BT they use the traditional form of bureaucracy, the law, policy and regulations are normally created by the top management or board of executives and then a series of steps Is taken for the implementation in which the superiors pass their subordinates what to do and how to do, and evaluate their performance and then report to his higher authorities. How BT React to Change As BT is a bureaucratic organisation and its a very long and difficult process to introduce new change to their organisation. They follow a very systematic way to cup up with changes. To bring change into the organisation the decision is taken by the higher authorities and implementation is made on the ground in a series of steps instructed by the top level management. Pakistan Telecommunication Company Limited (PTCL) Pakistan Telecommunication Company Limited is Pakistan l largest converged services carrier  provide basic telephonic services to data and internet, video and audio conferencing throughout the country. The vision of PTCL is To be the leading Information and Communication Technology Service Provider in the region by achieving customer satisfaction and maximizing shareholders value. While the mission of the company is to achieve their vision by having An organizational environment that fosters professionalism, motivation and quality , An environment that is cost effective and quality conscious, Services that are based on the most optimum technology,   Quality and Time conscious customer service, Sustained growth in earnings and profitability. According to financial report of PTCL published in June 2009 the net income of PTCL is 9.1 billion  Pakistani Rupees. By nature PTCL is a bureaucratic organisation from its start, In 1995, Pakistan Telecommunication (Reorganization) Ordinance formed the basis for PTCL monopoly over basic telephony in the country. And in 1996 PTCL was listed in all the stock exchanges of the country. Efficiency through which PTCL is working PTCL is the largest telecom service provider in Pakistan and also part of the consortium of submarine communications cables network. They provide best communication services to their customers at their door step. PTCL have about 2000 telephone exchange round the country providing largest fixed line network, GSM, CDMA and Wireless Local Loop (WLL). Impact of Bureaucratic Environment on PTCL Impact of bureaucratic type of management is same on PTCL as like other bureaucratic organisation, they are very systematic and structured in bringing any change into their organisation and the way they are working. As in telecom sector in Pakistan PTCL is having the monopoly but in 2003 the post-monopoly era came with  Pakistans Liberalization in Telecommunication. On the Government level, a comprehensive liberalization policy for telecoms sector is was offered. Which bring the concept of privatizing the public sector organisations and PTCL was one among those. How PTCL React to Change As PTCL is a bureaucratic organisation but it has very strong labour union and employee union which is very influential within and outside organisation. When in 2005 the govt of Pakistan decide to privatise the company and sell about 26 % of its share to a gulf based company Etisalat there was country wide protest and strike by PTCL workers. They even disrupted Phone lines of some big Government institutions like Punjab University Lahore and many lines of public sector were also blocked.  And a very tense situation was created when the technicians of PTCL refuses the repair of undersea optical fibre line to Singapore, at last military forces take over the control of all offices and make a success transition of the process. Conclusion Bureaucratic organisations are very systematic and well structured They work efficiently in big organisational structures To bring change in organisation is very lengthy and time consuming process, it also takes more efforts as compared to other types of organisations. The bureaucratic organisation management may face saviour problems in bringing change in organisation. Introduction to Task 3 In todays world most organisations use the concept of Fordism to have more advantages over the competitors; they need to respond to the situations quickly and efficiently by providing good products and services to their customers. To have competitive advantages organisations needs to adapt to newer and better methods of organisational management. In this task the focus is on how organisation can work more effectively by using alternative forms of organisational development except that they are using. Objectives of Task 3 Following are the main objectives of this task Definition of the concept of Fordism and its importance Importance of Fordism in modern management Comparison of two organisations between alternative forms of organisational development. Fordism Manufacturing  philosophy that  aims  to  achieve  higher  productivity  by standardizing the  output, using conveyor  assembly lines, and breaking the  work  into small de-skilled  tasks. Whereas Taylorism  (on which Fordism is based) seeks  machine  and  worker efficiency, Fordism seeks to combine them as one  unit, and emphasizes minimization of  costs  instead of  maximization  of profit., the concept of Fordism was introduced by US  automobile  pioneer Henry Ford (1863-1947). Fordism was a method used mainly in the automotive industry; it improved productivity, but it was also a model of economic expansion and technological progress based on the mass production: the manufacture of standardized products in huge volumes using special purpose machinery and unskilled labor. This principle could be applied to any kind of manufacturing process and for a time it was. Major success stemmed from three major principles: The Standardization of the product The use of Special-purpose tools and/or equipment via the assembly line The Elimination of skilled labor in direct production, while simultaneously paying the worker higher wages. Fordism is a production process that standardized the production for a lower price and for a larger production. The factories were built on places where labor or raw materials for the product were available. The companies were in this way dependent of the place they were built. Besides that the city was dependent of the companies, because they served employment. Important of Fordism in modern management By using the concept of Fordism in modern management organizations can benefits from it in various ways, some of them are stated below Fordism helps in modern management to do jobs quicker and cheaper both Fordism and Scientific Management share common themes yet also display some significant differences. They both encourage looking at the fastest way work can be completed and impose strict guidelines upon employees and their job descriptions. This has led to a great deal of dissatisfaction among employees in production lines with alienation and monotony of workers that encouraged a high turnover of employees at organizations that imposed these techniques. Henry Ford developed much of his conceptions upon Taylors ideas of scientific management. These theories imply that contemporary organizations and their managers should take into consideration the ideas of employees to avoid division. Managers today often see workers as multi-skilled and more involved in the process of production via teamwork, the reintegration of manual and mental labor, and the empowerment of production workers. Todays mass production has seen t echnology wiping out many of the jobs once held by these employees. There is a movement towards a more flexible workplace in the wave of this new technology away from strict guidelines imposed upon workers and their job descriptions, they are now encouraged to learn about other areas of the workplace. Fordism and scientific management have greatly influenced our workplace today and their theories will continue to be built upon for years to come.   Comparison of BT and PTCL in light of above discussion Both these companies are public sector organization with big revenue generation each year and thousands of employees providing telecom services to their customers throughout their respective countries. Following is the comparison between these two organizations on the basis of their growth, processes, expansions, procedures and they way they introduce changes into their organization. PTCL BT PTCL has lunched WLL (prepaid postpaid) through this customer can connect where landline scarce. Provide high speed broadband, telephony services and TV on a single wire Provide their customers the facility of smart TV According to Annual report 2009 the net income of PTCL is 9.1 billion  Pakistani Rupees Have about 2000 telephone exchange Practicing bureaucratic in their organization. Having current assets of 49.34 billion pounds Have 28 million customers in UK They are competing with about 18 competitors in the market Providing products and services like internet broadband, Ethernet facility, Virtual Private Network VPN, Wireless Local Loops WLL and so many other products and services. According to the annual report of 2009 the total revenue generated by BT was about  £21,7235 Is a bureaucratic organization from start and still practicing bureaucracy to bring change within the organization. Conclusion Fordism is the concept which helps organizations in the development of the Standardization of the product Help organizations in developing goods and services in as assembly line Fordism helps organizations in modern management to produce good services to their customers. Introduction to Task 4 This task it is assumed that one of the organisation hired me and they require from me to come up with a clearer idea of the available models for change and come up with a presentation to the management of the describing the various models available for the organisation during the exchange from shop environment to internet sales, and advise the management which model to use, which is the best, and appropriate for the organisation. Pakistan Tele communication Company Limited has hired me and they demands from me to produce the following work. Objectives of Task 4 Following are the main objectives of the task 4 Describe various models for organisation Describe the appropriate model for change from shop environment to internet sale What is organisation change model When organisation tends to bring change into their organisational structure and operation they need to follow certain procedure which minimise the cost of change, it means that they should follow a certain steps of pre defined procedure. So change model is a set of pre defined procedure to ensure the secure change within organisation. Organisation change model in organisational development from the perspective of change in from top level management changes to the operational level changes. Available Change Models for PTCL Following are the available models of change for PTCL Dynamic Conservatism Dynamic conservatism model is focused on the increasing need due to increasing change of pace for the change process. This model was produced by Schon. The intention of this process model is to make the change process in organizations more flexible and dynamic. Kubler-Ross Model Kubler-Ross Model is also known as five stages of grief. It describes five discrete stages, she describes how people deal with grief and tragedy. Five stages of Kubler-Ross are Denial I feel fine This cant be happening, not to me Anger How can this happen to me? Bargaining I will do anything for a few more years Depression I am going to die what is the point? Acceptance it is going to be okay Dynamic Conservatism This model was described by Schon. He explores that inherent nature of the organizations can be conservative and protect them from constant change. Schon recognizes the increasing need due to the increasing change of pace for this process to become far more flexible. ADKAR ADKAR is a goal-oriented change management model that allows change management team to focus their activities on specific business results. ADKAR is a useful framework for change management teams in planning and execution of their work. Awareness Desire Knowledge Ability Reinforcement Appropriate Model for PTCL Bringing change in organization is very tough and complex problem, the management of the organization need to have deep look different aspects of the current position and the position of organization after change. Advising a change model to organization is a difficult job to do, because of the different factors involvement in the change process. So I will suggest PTCL to go for the two change models parallel from above defined models. Individual Change Model Dynamic Conversion I suggest these two models because of the very speedy changes in organization of PTCL and the way they perform their operations. So these two models will help PTCL to have a successful transition from their present state to where they want in future. Introduction to Task 5 In previous tasks a detail overview of the change models and process are provided, now in this task the focus is on the implementation of the change process and its activities, as I have done task 4 for PTCL, so in this task its required to show the implementation process of the change model for PTCL, because without proper and good implementation planning is just waste of resources and time. Objectives of Task 5 Following are the main objectives of this task Measure the efficiency of the change models for PTCL Plan the implementation process of change for PTCL Implementation of the change process Organisational change is a very complex and difficult task to accomplish, it needs to be properly planed and structured to make a secure transition from starting point of change till end. The organisational change involve different factors which need to be addressed when planning implementation of change. Following are the most common and important elements in change process Recognition of the need for change that why change is needed Establishment of goals for the change, means what goal you have decided to achieve Diagnoses of relevant variables, what factor are involve in bringing change Selection of appropriate change technique, what technique you are going to use for change Planning for implementation of the change, are you able to plan the change? Actual Implementation, implement what you have planned Evaluation and follow up, are you successful in bringing a secure transition (change) in your organisation Implementation Steps for Organisational Change There are eight main steps involve in the implementation of a change plan in an organisation, all these are important to follow, otherwise organisation management will be unable to yield the results they want from change. Establishing Sense of Urgency It is important to bring change whenever it is necessary or the management want to introduce the new ways of organisation operations. Powerful Guiding Coalition Organisational change is not a single or individual person responsibility, it involve the power of coalition of the people working in organisation. Creating a vision Without a vision its not possible to have a positive change Communicating the Vision Management should decide and discuss the vision for change with other staff members in the organisation. Empowering Others Give responsibility and power to the persons involve in change process Short Term Wins Break the problem statement into different achievable steps Consolidating Improvements Have some mile stone / check points to evaluate the performance Institutionalizing Change process must be within standard procedures. Issues with implementation of Change When organisation goes for change they may face certain problems and issues which need to be properly addressed time by time. These problems may occur at initial stages, at middle or may be at late stages of the implementation process, but the management of the organisation and individuals responsible for change must be aware of those and have the ability of quick response to the situation. Management may face some of these issues in implementation of change process Some manager unaware of change process and models Difficulties in getting support from staff members Lack of leadership Internal and external resistance to the change Difficulties in communication the change with stockholders Influence of govt rules and regulations Some economical and sociological problems Resistance to implementation of change Organisation may face two types of resistance to the change in organisation Individual Resistance Organisational Resistance Individual resistance may be Economic Reason, Obsolescence of Skill, Personal Reason, Ego defensiveness, Status Quo, Fear of Un-Known, Social Displacement, and Peer Pressure. While organizational resistance may be Threats to Power Influence, Organizational Structure, and Resource Constraint. Conclusion To implement a change process organisation needs to have looked at certain issues related with this process. This problem may be individual based or organisati

A Comparison Between Fitzgeralds Great Gatsby and Veblens The Theory

Fitzgerald's Great Gatsby and Veblen's The Theory of the Leisure Class  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚   The American Dream is real; Americans are able to rise out of poverty and into leisurely lifestyles with a bit of luck and a lot of hard work. Fitzgerald's The Great Gatsby and Thorstein Veblen's The Theory of the Leisure Class both address issues of status and wealth that arise from peoples' pursuits of the American Dream. But the authors differ in their beliefs about the nature and motives of peoples' pursuits of wealth. To begin with, Fitzgerald disagrees with Veblen's notion of pecuniary emulation as being intrinsic behavior (a goal in and of itself). He does this by conveying that Gatsby's flamboyant lifestyle is as extravagant as it is only because it is goal-driven (Gatsby wants to get Daisy's attention). Fitzgerald's ideas about the consequences of "conspicuous leisure" and "conspicuous consumption" are no less critical of Veblen's theory. Fitzgerald conveys that those who engage in pecuniary emulation invite superficiality into their social lives an d relationships-a consequence which Veblen fails to even consider. Furthermore, Fitzgerald disagrees with Veblen's belief that pecuniary emulation is consuming (it demands one's focus) by subjecting characters such as Gatsby and Nick to different levels of non-consuming materialism. Fitzgerald believes that the pursuit of wealth for the purpose of invidious distinction is not what Veblen claims it is--that is, that the pursuit is neither intrinsic, fulfilling, nor necessarily consuming.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Fitzgerald sees pecuniary emulation as voluntary, non-intrinsic human behavior. In The Theory of the Leisure Class, Veblen writes that wealth "... ...burse and use money-probably because he was a multimillionaire. Because of the biases inherent to the discussion of wealth, one must consider all of society's sentiments in order to obtain a comprehensive basis from which meaningful discourse can spring. Resources such as The Great Gatsby and Theory of the Leisure Class allow that ideal basis to become ever more tangible.    Works Cited and Consulted: Fitzgerald, F. Scott.   The Great Gatsby.   Simon and Schuster Inc., New York: 1991. Hobsbawm, Eric. The Age of Extremes. New York: Pantheon, 1994. Mizener, Arthur, ed. F. Scott Fitzgerald: A Collection of Critical Essays. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1963. Raleigh, John Henry. "F. Scott Fitzgerald's The Great Gatsby." Mizener 99-103. Thorstein Veblen, The Theory of the Leisure Class (New York and London: Macmillan, 1899   

Orson Scott Cards Enders Game Essays -- Enders Game Essays

In Orson Scott Card's novel Ender's Game, the reader is taken into a fascinating futuristic world in which the human race is in danger. Having twice survived alien attack, the human race, fearing a more powerful invasion, develop a program to breed and train a warrior who will lead them to a final victory. The young boy chosen to do just that is six year old Andrew Wiggin also known as Ender. According to the government, Ender exhibits the traits needed to assure victory. At six years old he enters battle school and begins preparation for the bugger war. While in battle school Ender excels in simulation games of battles and is quickly promoted to higher levels in his training. However, being the best of the best at this school doesn't make it easy on Ender. He has to learn to overcome his fears and realize that the world depends on him to save the human race from extinction. Orson Scott Card takes the reader into a future where a young child, property of the government, endures a lon ely, isolated existence as he plays endless hours of games designed to prove his ability to lead and win. Throughout the novel, the theme of courage and betrayal are eminent in Ender's life. These two themes combined make Ender the independent, courageous and distrusting person he becomes, until he finds a purpose in life. Courage was constantly shown through the character of Ender Wiggin. Since the time he left his family, Ender demonstrated a great amount of courage in dealing with the fact that he was away from his parents and sister Valentine. At only six years old, Ender Wiggin was taken from his family to battle school in an attempt to train him to destroy the buggers. Thousands of miles away from home, Ender had to build up courage and demon... ...tastrophe. "Ender carried with him a dry white cocoon, looking for the world where the hive-queen could awaken and thrive in peace" (324). Orson Scott Card takes the reader through an intriguing journey of betrayal and courage. Through Ender Wiggin we are able to capture the different emotions and problems that lead a society to destruction. The character of Ender portrays the destruction of an individual when a person's life lacks love and nurture. Despite the fact that Ender Wiggin possessed an immense amount of courage and that he became a hero when he saved the human species from an alien invasion, his life was unhappy and incomplete until he found a purpose in his life. That purpose was to hold and protect the future of the alien species in his hands. Works Cited Card, Orson Scott. Ender's Game. New York: Tom Doherty Associates, LLC, 1977. Print.

Hamlet Essay -- essays papers

Hamlet William Shakespeare composed the play Hamlet, around 1600-1601. This play, named after his only son, in my opinion is one of Shakespeare’s best works. The play shows the literal as well as the realistic sides of people during this culture as well as those generations to come. During the play, Hamlet’s character went through several different transitions. In the beginning he was shown as a child, by his actions and curiosity, but towards the end of play his manhood begins surface and he begins to be aggressive at getting what he wants. Hamlet is full of mysterious relationships. Hamlets relationship with his so called friends (Rosencrantz and Guildenstern), his relationship with Ophelia (he proclaims his love at the end) and certainly his relationship with his father/uncle Claudius are all very mysterious in how they’re played out through their characters in the play. The relationship that stood out in my mind was the one between Hamlet and his mother Gertrude. Although Gertrude is the person that Hamlet has the most inner conflict with, he still loves his mother as most children do. As a mother figure, Gertrude is supposed to be the perfect one- with out any impurities or errors. When Hamlet realizes that his mother is a flawed, sinful women, who’s sexual appetite is so deviant she takes on her brother in-law, Hamlets whole view changes. How could the women who just buried her husband become a blushing bride so rapidly? After Hamlet contemplates all of this, how can he trust any woman when his own mother betrayed his father? When Hamlet has thoughts of his mother he is affected both emotionally and psychologically. He is affected emotionally because it is his mother, his own blood that is apart of the ... ... he over re-acts and the ghost of his father appears to remind him of why he was there. Gertrude senses Hamlets anger after he kills Polonius and asked what have I done? Hamlets reply was one full of grief, anxiety and anger. He begins to tell his mother of what he knows and what he expects from her. Not to share her bed with Claudius as well as take part in any more corruption. Gertrude then begins to see that her son is not mad with sickness, but is more mad with anger over her stupidity. Hamlet has let his mother become his main role model for all women in the world and that is why he is so negative towards women. Gertrude has influenced Hamlet more then anyone in the play. Although the influence is negative, it has made Hamlet look at other sides of people and take them for what they are. He has a better out look on life even though it has cost him greatly.